2017年12月19日 星期二
2017年11月12日 星期日
主機板BIOS 嗶聲錯誤提示
主機板 BIOS 嗶聲判讀
AWARD BIOS(技嘉、微星大多數為此)
嗶聲狀態 | 可能問題 | 嗶聲狀態 | 可能問題 |
一短 | 系統啟動正常 | 一長三短 | 鍵盤錯誤 |
二短 | CMOS設定錯誤 | 一長九短 | ROM錯誤 |
一長一短 | DRAM錯誤 | 不斷長響 | DRAM未插好 |
一長二短 | 顯示卡或螢幕 | 不停急響 | 電源供應 |
AMI BIOS(華碩似乎較多採用AMI BIOS)
嗶聲狀態 | 可能問題 | 嗶聲狀態 | 可能問題 |
一短 | DRAM刷新錯誤 | 六短 | 鍵盤錯誤 |
二短 | DRAM ECC錯誤 | 八短 | 顯示卡記憶體錯誤 |
三短 | DRAM檢查失敗 | 九短 | ROM錯誤 |
五短 | CPU錯誤 | 一長三短 | DRAM損壞 |
一長三短 | DRAM損壞 | 一長八短 | 顯示卡 或 螢幕 |
IBM BIOS(很少遇到了)
嗶聲狀態 | 可能問題 | 嗶聲狀態 | 可能問題 |
無 | 電源器 主機板損壞 | 持續短聲 | 電源供應器或主機板損壞 |
持續 | 主機板嚴重損壞 | 一長一短 | 主機板有錯誤 |
短聲 | 系統自我測試正確 | 一長二短(三短) | 顯示卡錯誤 |
二短聲 | 自我測試發現錯誤 | 三長聲 | 鍵盤錯誤 |
PHOENIX BIOS(這個比較亂一點,用到機會應該跟IBM差不多少)
嗶聲 | 錯誤&描述 |
1 1 3 | CMOS-RAM 的存取 |
1 1 4 | ROM-BIOS 檢查值 |
1 2 1 | 可撰寫的計時器晶片 (8253) |
1 2 2 | 直接記憶體存取途徑第 0 號之位址與 / 或計數暫存器 |
1 2 3 | 直接記憶體存取"頁暫存器"之讀寫 |
1 3 1 | 記憶體恢復 |
1 3 3 | 前 64K 記憶體之晶片或資料線 |
1 3 4 | 前 64K 記憶體有錯誤:單 / 雙邏輯錯誤 |
1 4 1 | 前 64K 記憶體有錯誤:位址匯流排 |
1 4 2 | 前 64K 記憶體中發生等位錯誤 |
1 4 3 | 安全計時器 (只有在 EISA BIOS 中才有) |
1 4 4 | 非遮蔽中斷 (NMI) 介面的軟體 (只有在 EISA BIOS 中才有) |
2 1 1 | 故障的前 64K 記憶體中之位元 0 |
2 1 2 | 故障的前 64K 記憶體中之位元 1 |
2 1 3 | 故障的前 64K 記憶體中之位元 2 |
2017年10月25日 星期三
EFI/UEFI Shell Command
EFI/UEFI Shell Command
Lists the commands supported by the EFI Shell interface on EFI/UEFI.The EFI Shell is accessible from an nPartition console when the nPartition is in an active state but has not booted an operating system.
For details on these commands, enter help command at the EFI shell prompt.
The following categories of commands are available:
“Boot Commands — EFI Shell”.
“Configuration Commands — EFI Shell”.
“Device, Driver, and Handle Commands — EFI Shell”.
“Filesystem Commands — EFI Shell”.
“Memory Commands — EFI Shell”.
“Shell Navigation and Other Commands — EFI Shell”.
“Shell Script Commands / Programming Constructs — EFI Shell”.
Command | Description |
---|---|
Boot Commands — EFI Shell. Commands related to nPartition booting. | |
autoboot | Set/view autoboot timeout variable. |
bcfg | Display/modify the driver/boot configuration. |
boottest | Set/view BootTest bits. |
dbprofile | Display/modify direct boot profiles for use by lanboot. |
lanboot | Boot over the LAN. |
reconfigreset | Reset the system (nPartition) for reconfiguration; the nPartition remains inactive, in the shutdown for reconfig state. |
reset | Reset the system (nPartition). |
search | Connect drivers for bootables devices. |
Configuration Commands — EFI Shell. Commands for changing and retrieving system (nPartition) information. | |
acpiconfig | Set/view ACPI configuration mode. |
cellconfig | Deconfigure/reconfigure cells. (Set cell use-on-next-boot values.) |
cpuconfig | Deconfigure/reconfigure processors and processor cores.. |
date | Display the current date or set the date of the system (nPartition). |
dimmconfig | Deconfigure/reconfigure memory (DIMMs). |
err | Display/change the error level. |
errdump | View/clear logs. |
fru | View FRU data. |
info | Display hardware information. |
monarch | Set/view a monarch processor. |
palproc | Make a PAL call. |
romdrivers | Enable/disable PCI expansion ROM drivers. |
rootcell | Set/view preferred root cells. (Set nPartition core cell choices.) |
salproc | Make a SAL call. |
tftp | Performs TFTP operation to a bootp/DHCP enabled Unix boot server. |
time | Display the current time or set the time of the system (nPartition). EFI time is set and presented in GMT (Greenwich mean time). |
variable | Save/restore specific EFI variables. |
ver | Display the version information. |
Device, Driver, and Handle Commands — EFI Shell. Commands for managing devices, drivers, and handles. | |
baud | View serial port com settings. |
connect | Bind a driver to a device. |
dblk | Hex dump of BlkIo devices. |
devices | Display devices managed by EFI drivers. |
devtree | Display tree of devices. |
dh | Dump handle info. |
disconnect | Disconnect driver(s) from device(s). |
drivers | Display list of drivers. |
drvcfg | Invoke the Driver Config Protocol. |
drvdiag | Invoke the Driver Diagnostics Protocol. |
guid | Dump known GUID IDs. |
lanaddress | Display MAC address. |
load | Load EFI drivers. |
map | Map shortname to device path. |
openinfo | Display the open protocols for given handle. |
pci | Display PCI devices or PCI function configuration space. |
reconnect | Reconnect driver(s) from a device. |
unload | Unload a protocol image. |
Filesystem Commands — EFI Shell. Commands for managing files, directories, and attributes. | |
attrib | Display/change the attributes of files/directories. |
cd | Update/view the current directory. |
comp | Compare the contents of two files. |
cp | Copy one or more files/directories to another location. |
edit | Edit an ASCII or UNICODE file in full screen. |
eficompress | Compress infile and write to outfile. |
efidecompress | Decompress infile and write to outfile. |
hexedit | Edit a file, block device, or memory region using hex. |
ls | Display a list of files and subdirectories in a directory. |
mkdir | Create one or more directories. |
mount | Mount a filesystem on a block device. |
rm | Delete one or more files/directories. |
setsize | Set the size of a file. |
touch | Update time of file/directory with current time. |
type | Display the contents of a file. |
vol | Display volume information of the file system. |
Memory Commands — EFI Shell. Commands for listing and managing memory, EFI variables, and NVRAM details. | |
default | Set the default NVRAM values. |
dmem | Dump memory or memory mapped IO. |
dmpstore | Display all EFI variables. |
memmap | Display the memory map. |
mm | Display/modify MEM/IO/PCI. |
pdt | View/clear nPartition or cell memory page deallocation table (PDT). |
Shell Navigation and Other Commands — EFI Shell. Commands for basic EFI Shell navigation and customization. | |
alias | Set/get alias settings. |
cls | Clear the standard output with an optional background color. |
exit | Exit EFI Shell environment. |
getmtc | Display current monotonic counter value. |
help or ? | Display help. |
mode | Display the mode of the console output device. |
set | Set/Get environment variable. |
xchar | Turn on/off extended character features. |
Shell Script Commands / Programming Constructs — EFI Shell. EFI shell-script commands. | |
echo | Echo message to stdout or toggle script echo. |
else | Script-only: Use with IF THEN. |
endfor | Script-only: Delimiter for FOR loop construct. |
endif | Script-only: Delimiter for IF THEN construct. |
for | Script-only: Loop construct. |
goto | Script-only: Jump to label location in script. |
if | Script-only: IF THEN construct. |
input | Take user input and place in EFI variable. |
pause | Script-only: Prompt to quit or continue. |
stall | Stall the processor for some microseconds. |
Resets the system.
RESET [-w [string]]
RESET [-s [string]]
-w - Performs a warm reset
-s - Performs a shutdown
string - String to be passed to reset service
Note:
1. Not all systems support the '-w' option.
2. Reset will be guaranteed to reset the chipset as well as the processor
when cold reset is called.
3. This command does not support output redirection.
RESET [-w [string]]
RESET [-s [string]]
-w - Performs a warm reset
-s - Performs a shutdown
string - String to be passed to reset service
Note:
1. Not all systems support the '-w' option.
2. Reset will be guaranteed to reset the chipset as well as the processor
when cold reset is called.
3. This command does not support output redirection.
2017年10月11日 星期三
RPM Command
一、基本安裝
rpm -ivh 軟體套件名稱
i 是 install,v(verbose)是顯示,h 是進度以一串 ########### 來表示
二、基本安裝的問題
(1)該軟體已安裝過
rpm -ivh 套件名稱
套件名稱 is already installed..
如果要重新安裝可用--force 指令:
--force 表示強行置換
rpm -ivh php-imap.x.rpm
failed dependencies:imap is needed by php-imap
如果不管軟體的相依性,可用--nodeps指令強制安裝
五、更新套件
rpm -Fvh 套件名稱
-F 選項有個特性:只有已經安裝過的套件才會更新,這點和 rpm -Uvh 中的 U 升級是不同的,因此極適合拿來大量修補套件之用。
六、查詢
rpm -qa | grep mesa
rpm -ql apache
a 是 all,q 是 query 查詢已安裝的套件,grep 是搜尋符合的字串
l 是列出的意思(list)
rpm -qf /usr/bin/neat
查詢 neat 這個指令是從那一個 rpm 套件安裝的。
###################################################
Ubuntu/Debian dpkg search command
dpkg -l | grep libgl
rpm -ivh 軟體套件名稱
i 是 install,v(verbose)是顯示,h 是進度以一串 ########### 來表示
二、基本安裝的問題
(1)該軟體已安裝過
rpm -ivh 套件名稱
套件名稱 is already installed..
如果要重新安裝可用--force 指令:
--force 表示強行置換
rpm -ivh --force 套件名稱
(2)沒有相依的套件rpm -ivh php-imap.x.rpm
failed dependencies:imap is needed by php-imap
如果不管軟體的相依性,可用--nodeps指令強制安裝
rpm -ivh --nodeps php-ldap*.rpm
三、移除套件
rpm -e 套件名稱
四、升級套件
rpm -Uvh 套件名稱
U是upgrade, 表示會把舊的軟體移除再安裝新的,所以不管有沒有安裝過都可以使用rpm -Uvh來安裝軟體五、更新套件
rpm -Fvh 套件名稱
-F 選項有個特性:只有已經安裝過的套件才會更新,這點和 rpm -Uvh 中的 U 升級是不同的,因此極適合拿來大量修補套件之用。
六、查詢
rpm -qa | grep mesa
rpm -ql apache
a 是 all,q 是 query 查詢已安裝的套件,grep 是搜尋符合的字串
l 是列出的意思(list)
rpm -qf /usr/bin/neat
查詢 neat 這個指令是從那一個 rpm 套件安裝的。
###################################################
Ubuntu/Debian dpkg search command
dpkg -l | grep libgl
2017年10月10日 星期二
Intel(R) Ethernet Connection (2) I219-V Wake On Lan Windows 10 failed
you need to untick the option "Turn on fast startup" in
Control Panel\Hardware and Sound\Power Options
(accessible via "Power and Sleep". See picture below as well.
2017年10月4日 星期三
PnPUtil Command Syntax
Pnputil
適用於: Windows 7, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista,2012,10,2016
Pnputil.exe is a command line utility that you can use to manage the driver store. You can use Pnputil to add driver packages, remove driver packages, and list driver packages that are in the store.
Syntax
pnputil.exe [-f | -i] [ -? | -a | -d | -e ] <INF name>
Parameters
-a
|
Specifies to add the identified INF file.
|
-d
|
Specifies to delete the identified INF file.
|
-e
|
Specifies to enumerate all third-party INF files.
|
-f
|
Specifies to force the deletion of the identified INF file. Cannot be used in conjunction with the –iparameter.
|
-i
|
Specifies to install the identified INF file. Cannot be used in conjunction with the -f parameter.
|
/?
|
Displays help at the command prompt.
|
Remarks
Examples
- pnputil.exe -a a:\usbcam\USBCAM.INF Adds the INF file that is specified by USBCAM.INF
- pnputil.exe -a c:\drivers\*.inf Adds all INF files in c:\drivers\
- pnputil.exe -i -a a:\usbcam\USBCAM.INFAdds and installs the specified driver.
- pnputil.exe –e Enumerates all third-party drivers.
- pnputil.exe -d oem0.inf Deletes the specified.
- pnputil.exe -f -d oem0.inf Forces the deletion of the specified INF file.
2017年10月2日 星期一
How to Startup Your Project or folder in Windows 2012 & 2016
In Windows Server 2008 R2, to define an application to be startup automatically for current user, one common way is to create an application shortcut and add it to startup folder. In Windows Server 2012,2016 you might find you can’t find this startup folder any more.
2017年9月22日 星期五
ubuntu 14.04.4 Make install step by step
make help
Prerequisites : Ubuntu 12.04 LTS - 32bits, ex:lsb_release -a
Cross-compile : arm-linux-gnu-gcc 4.x.x
Shell Environment : bash , ex:sudo dpkg-reconfigure dash - select No
Tool Install :
1.genext2fs
2.mkimage [u-boot]
3.genromfs
4.make version 3.81
5.file version 5.0 upper
6.sudo apt-get install lzop
7.sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev liblz4-tool xmlto cramfsprogs squashfs-tools
8.sudo apt-get install texinfo
9.sudo apt-get install openssl libssl-dev [version 1.0.1]
10.sudo apt-get install lib32z1 lib32ncurses5 lib32bz2-1.0
tar解壓失败:gzip: stdin: not in gzip format
****解壓縮:tar xvf -f filename.tar.bz2欲解壓縮的目錄*****
如出現上方解壓失敗 ,依紅色字體步驟方式。
tar解壓失败:gzip: stdin: not in gzip format
****解壓縮:tar xvf -f filename.tar.bz2欲解壓縮的目錄*****
如出現上方解壓失敗 ,依紅色字體步驟方式。
2017年9月3日 星期日
bash script array sample
To declare an array in bash
Declare and an array called array and assign three values:
array=( one two three ) |
More examples:
files=( "/etc/passwd" "/etc/group" "/etc/hosts" ) limits=( 10, 20, 26, 39, 48) |
To print an array use:
printf "%s\n" "${array[@]}" printf "%s\n" "${files[@]}" printf "%s\n" "${limits[@]}" |
To Iterate Through Array Values
Use for loop syntax as follows:
for i in "${arrayName[@]}" do : # do whatever on $i done |
$i will hold each item in an array. Here is a sample working script:
#!/bin/bash # declare an array called array and define 3 vales array=( one two three ) for i in "${array[@]}" do echo $i done |
2017年8月17日 星期四
Windows10 & 2016 WOL
關於Windows10之後Wake on lan失效問題,請到下面連結下載
Win10 Auto Installation Program的realtek driver,安裝之後問題解決,也不用像其他資料寫得要改green ethernet或者Windows10的fast boot。
Win10 Auto Installation Program的realtek driver,安裝之後問題解決,也不用像其他資料寫得要改green ethernet或者Windows10的fast boot。
Win10 Auto Installation Program (SharedID:
1152921504607292454SId:1152921504626816921) 10.019 2017/7/27 10404k Global
Win10 Auto Installation Program (SharedID: 1152921504607292454SId:1152921504626816921) | 10.019 | 2017/7/27 | 10404k | Global |
2017年8月8日 星期二
bash script sample
Bash Script 檔案及目錄是否存在
#!#!/bin/bashif [ -d "/path/to/dir" ]; then# 目錄 /path/to/dir 存在echo "Directory /path/to/dir exists."else# 目錄 /path/to/dir 不存在echo "Directory /path/to/dir does not exists."fi檢查檔案是否存在#!/bin/bash
if [ -f "/path/to/dir/filename" ]; then# 檔案 /path/to/dir/filename 存在echo "File /path/to/dir/filename exists."else# 檔案 /path/to/dir/filename 不存在echo "File /path/to/dir/filename does not exists."fi
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